The Orthotropic Neobladder; How to Make It Easy?

Radical cystectomy (RCX) and urinary diversion is the standard treatment for patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer and some patients with non-muscle invasive disease who failed the intra-vesical treatment [1]. Multiple techniques of urinary diversion are present. However, the orthotopic neobladder (OBS) may be better in terms of quality of life, as it is the closest to the normal bladder in location and function. However, it is measured as one of the most difficult urologic procedure [2]. In this short review, we try to simplify the basic principles of neobladder reconstruction for the beginners to make their practice easier. For the sake of simplicity, neobladder reconstruction is better divided into stages; the higher stages need higher experience. We divide it into the following stages;